Document background
The Combined Bill of Lading has evolved as an essential document in modern international trade, particularly relevant under Austrian jurisdiction where multimodal transport operations frequently involve cross-border movements within the EU and beyond. This document type emerged from the need to have a single transport document covering multiple modes of transportation while maintaining its character as a document of title. The Combined Bill of Lading serves three primary functions: it acts as a receipt for the goods, evidences the contract of carriage, and serves as a document of title. It is particularly valuable when shipments involve transitions between maritime, rail, and road transport, which is common in Austrian trade routes. The document must comply with the Austrian Commercial Code (UGB), relevant EU regulations, and international conventions while providing the flexibility needed for complex logistics operations. It includes comprehensive details about the cargo, transport conditions, liability provisions, and transfer rights, making it an indispensable tool in international trade and logistics.
