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Convertible Loan Note Agreement for India

Convertible Loan Note Agreement Template for India

A Convertible Loan Note Agreement under Indian law is a hybrid financing instrument that combines elements of debt and equity. This agreement documents the terms under which a lender provides funding to a company initially as a loan, with the right or obligation to convert that loan into equity shares under specified conditions. The document encompasses key provisions governed by Indian corporate and securities laws, including interest rates, repayment terms, conversion mechanics, and valuation methodologies. It incorporates compliance requirements under the Companies Act 2013, relevant SEBI regulations, and where applicable, FEMA guidelines for foreign investments.

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Convertible Loan Note Agreement

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What is a Convertible Loan Note Agreement?

The Convertible Loan Note Agreement is commonly used in the Indian startup and growth company ecosystem as a bridge financing tool. It provides companies with immediate access to capital while offering investors the flexibility to convert their investment into equity at a later stage, typically during a future funding round or upon reaching specific milestones. This type of agreement is particularly valuable when there is uncertainty about company valuation or when parties want to defer the valuation discussion. The document must comply with Indian regulatory requirements, including those under the Companies Act 2013, SEBI regulations, and RBI guidelines. It typically includes detailed terms about interest, conversion triggers, valuation caps, discount rates, and investor rights. This structure is especially popular among early-stage companies and venture capital investors in India, offering a balance between the security of debt and the upside potential of equity.

What sections should be included in a Convertible Loan Note Agreement?

1. Parties: Identification of the Lender and Borrower with complete legal details

2. Background: Context of the loan agreement, including purpose and commercial intent

3. Definitions: Key terms used throughout the agreement including Conversion Price, Conversion Event, Maturity Date

4. Loan Amount and Disbursement: Details of the principal amount and disbursement mechanics

5. Interest: Interest rate, calculation method, and payment terms

6. Repayment: Terms and schedule for repayment of the loan

7. Conversion Rights: Terms and mechanics for converting the loan into equity

8. Conversion Price and Mechanics: Detailed methodology for determining conversion price and process

9. Representations and Warranties: Standard declarations by both parties regarding their capacity and authority

10. Covenants: Ongoing obligations of the Borrower during the loan term

11. Events of Default: Circumstances constituting default and consequences

12. Governing Law and Jurisdiction: Specification of Indian law and jurisdiction

13. Notices: Communication protocols between parties

14. Assignment and Transfer: Rules regarding transfer of rights under the agreement

15. Confidentiality: Provisions for maintaining confidentiality of the agreement and related information

What sections are optional to include in a Convertible Loan Note Agreement?

1. Security: Include when the loan is secured by specific assets or guarantees

2. Board Observer Rights: Include when Lender requests right to appoint observer to company board

3. Information Rights: Include when Lender requires specific financial or operational information access

4. Anti-dilution Protection: Include to protect conversion rights against dilution events

5. Tag-Along Rights: Include when Lender wants right to participate in future share sales

6. Most Favored Nation: Include when Lender wants protection against better terms given to future lenders

7. Foreign Investment Compliance: Include when Lender is a foreign entity, addressing FEMA compliance

What schedules should be included in a Convertible Loan Note Agreement?

1. Schedule 1 - Conditions Precedent: List of conditions to be satisfied before loan disbursement

2. Schedule 2 - Form of Conversion Notice: Template for exercising conversion rights

3. Schedule 3 - Cap Table: Current and post-conversion shareholding structure

4. Schedule 4 - Company Information: Key corporate and financial information of the Borrower

5. Schedule 5 - Drawdown Notice: Template for requesting loan disbursement

6. Appendix A - Calculation of Conversion Price: Detailed formula and examples for conversion price calculation

7. Appendix B - Compliance Certificate: Template for periodic compliance certification

Authors

Alex Denne

Head of Growth (Open Source Law) @ tiktok成人版 | 3 x UCL-Certified in Contract Law & Drafting | 4+ Years Managing 1M+ Legal Documents | Serial Founder & Legal AI Author

Jurisdiction

India

Document Type

Loan Agreement

Sector

Banking

Cost

Free to use
Relevant legal definitions


































Clauses





























Relevant Industries

Technology & Software

E-commerce

Financial Services

Healthcare & Biotech

Manufacturing

Renewable Energy

Real Estate

Consumer Products

Education Technology

Media & Entertainment

Agriculture Technology

Professional Services

Relevant Teams

Legal

Finance

Corporate Development

Treasury

Compliance

Investment

Company Secretarial

Board of Directors

Executive Management

Relevant Roles

Chief Executive Officer

Chief Financial Officer

Investment Manager

Venture Capital Associate

Corporate Lawyer

Investment Banker

Company Secretary

Finance Director

Legal Counsel

Business Development Manager

Startup Founder

Private Equity Manager

Fund Manager

Compliance Officer

Treasury Manager

Industries







Teams

Employer, Employee, Start Date, Job Title, Department, Location, Probationary Period, Notice Period, Salary, Overtime, Vacation Pay, Statutory Holidays, Benefits, Bonus, Expenses, Working Hours, Rest Breaks, 聽Leaves of Absence, Confidentiality, Intellectual Property, Non-Solicitation, Non-Competition, Code of Conduct, Termination, 聽Severance Pay, Governing Law, Entire Agreemen

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