Charter Articles of Incorporation are essential when establishing a new company in Pakistan or converting an existing business into a corporate entity. This document is mandatory under the Companies Act 2017 and must be submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) as part of the company registration process. The Articles define the company's internal management structure, shareholders' rights, directors' powers, and procedural matters for corporate operations. They serve as a contract between the company and its shareholders, as well as among the shareholders themselves. The document needs to be drafted carefully to ensure compliance with Pakistani corporate law while providing sufficient flexibility for future business operations. Once registered, these Articles become publicly available and can only be altered through special resolution procedures specified by law.
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1. Name Clause: States the exact registered name of the company as approved by SECP
2. Registered Office: Specifies the location of the registered office of the company within Pakistan
3. Objects Clause: Details the purpose and business activities the company is authorized to undertake
4. Liability Clause: States whether liability of members is limited by shares or guarantee
5. Capital Clause: Specifies the authorized share capital, types of shares, and their nominal value
6. Association Clause: Declaration of association and intent to form a company
7. Share Rights and Restrictions: Details the rights attached to different classes of shares
8. Share Transfers: Procedures and restrictions for transferring shares
9. General Meetings: Rules for conducting shareholder meetings, notice periods, and voting procedures
10. Directors: Appointment, removal, powers, and duties of directors
11. Board Meetings: Procedures for conducting board meetings and decision-making
12. Company Secretary: Appointment and duties of the company secretary
13. Seal: Provisions regarding the company seal and its use
14. Accounts and Audit: Requirements for maintaining accounts and conducting audits
1. Different Share Classes: Required when company plans to issue different classes of shares with varying rights
2. Pre-emptive Rights: Optional provisions for existing shareholders' rights in new share issuances
3. Tag-Along Rights: Protection for minority shareholders in case of majority stake sale
4. Drag-Along Rights: Rights of majority shareholders to force minority shareholders to join in sale
5. Shareholder Reserved Matters: List of decisions requiring special shareholder approval
6. Alternative Dispute Resolution: Procedures for resolving disputes through mediation or arbitration
7. Islamic Banking Compliance: Required for companies operating under Islamic banking principles
8. Foreign Investment Provisions: Special provisions for companies with foreign investment
1. Schedule 1: Initial Subscribers: Details of founding members/subscribers including their shareholding
2. Schedule 2: Share Capital Structure: Detailed breakdown of share classes and rights
3. Schedule 3: First Directors: Details of first directors and their terms of appointment
4. Schedule 4: Proxy Form: Standard form for appointing proxies for general meetings
5. Appendix A: Objects Detail: Detailed list of business activities and ancillary objects
6. Appendix B: Board Reserved Matters: List of decisions requiring board approval
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